In north-east Tanzania, on the border with Kenya, lies Mount Kilimanjaro, a majestic volcanic massif that dominates the African savannah. This iconic mountain is home to three dormant volcanoes: Shira to the west, Mawenzi to the east, while Kibo rises in the centre. The summit of Kilimanjaro is in fact the summit of Kibo, Uhuru Peak, which stands at 5,895 metres above sea level and whose name means “freedom” in Swahili. Climbing Kilimanjaro is a dream for many travellers. Yet this exceptional journey requires thorough preparation well in advance, both physically and organisationally. Choice of route, obtaining permits, booking camps, preparing expedition equipment, assembling the team of guides and porters: all are essential for the trek to run smoothly. Climbing Kilimanjaro is far from a walk in the park, and this iconic summit, reaching 5,895 metres, cannot be improvised. Our local agency is here to help you organise the trek of your dreams and reach this mythical summit in the best possible conditions.
What is the best time to climb Kilimanjaro?
Choosing the right time is essential to the smooth running of this extraordinary ascent. Tanzania’s climate makes it possible to climb Kilimanjaro at any time of year; however, the physical effort required each day to reach Africa’s highest peak calls for weather conditions that are more than favourable. The dry season, which runs from June to October, is the ideal period for a pleasant and safe ascent. No clouds on the horizon, perfect for fully enjoying the breathtaking landscapes offered by this trek in Tanzania. Weather conditions are also very favourable during the warm season from late December to late February. On the other hand, during the short rainy season, from November to December, rainfall makes the atmosphere much more humid and the ground slippery. From March to May, the rainy season is in full swing, visibility is reduced because of the many clouds that darken the sky, the muddy and slippery ground makes the ascent more difficult and the abundance of snow at the summit makes the final stage of the journey rather hazardous. It is therefore best to avoid this time of year. Whatever the season, the weather changes quickly on Mount Kilimanjaro and temperatures drop significantly with altitude. The warm, humid atmosphere of the tropical forest at 1,800 metres altitude contrasts with the climate of the semi-desert plateaus at 3,000 metres altitude and the freezing temperatures at the summit. It is therefore essential to be properly equipped and, above all, to be accompanied by an experienced professional guide who knows the mountain inside out. Hence the importance of using a specialist local travel agency.
The different routes for climbing Mount Kilimanjaro
There are several routes allowing you to reach the summit of Mount Kilimanjaro. Each route differs in the unique landscapes it offers and the aspects of the mountain it allows you to discover. There are 5 different itineraries for climbing Africa’s highest peak: the Manche route, the Marangu route, the Rongai route, the Lemosho route, and the Umbwe route. The duration, difficulty and landscapes observed vary from one route to another, so the choice of path taken will depend on these three criteria.
Climbing Kilimanjaro via the Marangu Route
Considered the easiest route to climb Kilimanjaro, the Marangu Route offers a shorter, more direct and more accessible itinerary. The distance to the summit is only 20 kilometres, with a daily altitude gain of 200 to 1,145 m. A 6-day expedition paced by plenty of breaks and acclimatisation walks that aid recovery for a gentle and enjoyable ascent. Nicknamed the “Coca-cola Road”, the Marangu Route is one of the busiest routes due to its accessibility. Unlike the other trails, the Marangu Route is equipped with huts, a significant extra comfort.
Climbing Kilimanjaro via the Machame Route
Nicknamed the royal route, the Machame Route is the most famous of the routes leading to the summit of Kilimanjaro. This 40-kilometre trail takes 6 or 7 days. With an average of 6 hours of walking per day and a positive elevation gain ranging from 600 to 1,300 m, acclimatisation to changes in altitude happens very gently. The Machame Route also owes its reputation to the magnificent scenery it offers hikers. The equatorial forest from Machame Gate, the semi-desert plateaus, Barafu and its lunar atmosphere, and finally the sunrise over the glacial summit of Uhuru Peak, a variety of landscapes that will leave you speechless. Accommodation in tents enhances immersion in the heart of this exceptional natural setting. Another advantage that appeals to trekking enthusiasts: making the ascent and descent by two different routes! Ideal for experiencing two completely different adventures in a single journey.
Climbing Mount Kilimanjaro via the Lemosho Route
Trekking enthusiasts in search of a wilder experience, off the beaten track, generally head for the Lemosho route. This 50-kilometre itinerary stands out from the others by offering a start on the western flank of the mountain. The landscapes seen during the first stages of the trek are therefore completely different. An expedition characterised by a fairly gentle ascent in connection with the surrounding nature! After the 4th day, the route joins the Machame route. Climbing Mount Kilimanjaro via the Lemosho route takes 6 to 8 days and the chances of success are high. This route guarantees a wide variety of landscapes and incredible viewpoints, a less frequented trail and a strong likelihood of reaching the summit with a breathtaking view of Mount Meru.
Climbing Kilimanjaro via the Rongai Route
Climbing Kilimanjaro from the northern side is possible via the Rongai Route. 5 to 6 days of trekking are needed to cover the 45 kilometres that separate you from the summit from Rongai Gate. Due to its geographical location, this route is both wild and sheltered from the weather. This trail therefore makes it possible to climb Kilimanjaro in the wet season, when other routes become too slippery and dangerous. An ideal solution for climbing the mountain away from the crowds and finding yourself alone on the Roof of Africa. With a start in the north of the massif on the border with Kenya and a return via the Marangu Route, the Rongai Route offers a different approach to the ascent and takes you to discover a fine variety of scenery (arid savannahs, lunar and desert plateaus, snow-capped summit)
Climbing Kilimanjaro via the Umbwe Route
Very physically demanding, the Umbwe Route is reserved for seasoned explorers and trekkers. This itinerary takes the most direct route there is to reach the summit of Kilimanjaro. A very difficult ascent, with steep trails, extreme altitude gains, significant elevation increases and fairly harsh conditions. Nicknamed the “double whisky route”, this path represents a real challenge for experienced climbers.
Tips for successfully climbing Kilimanjaro
Although exhilarating, climbing Kilimanjaro requires proper preparation to maximise your chances of success. Here are a few tips to help you on your trek to the Roof of Africa.
Training and physical preparation
Climbing Kilimanjaro is a trek that demands endurance and good physical condition. Over 6 to 8 days, depending on the route chosen, your body will be put to the test. More than 6 hours of walking a day will be part of your expedition, so hiking in the great outdoors in all weathers is the best training to get your body used to this kind of effort. The idea is to simulate the conditions of the trekking you are about to do.
Choosing the equipment
Investing in quality equipment will guarantee your comfort and safety during the ascent. Bring warm, waterproof clothing, sturdy hiking boots that have already proven themselves, a sleeping bag suited to extreme conditions, and hiking poles to help you when needed.
Food and hydration
The secret to a successful ascent? A balanced diet and proper hydration beforehand and throughout the climb. By drinking enough water (about 2.5 L of water per day) you will avoid dehydration, which is one of the main causes of altitude sickness. Your body will also need energy to cope with the intensity of the physical effort involved. Energy bars can provide you with a little fuel during the ascent.
Effort management and acclimatisation
Climbing Kilimanjaro is not a race, but a multi-day hike. Managing your effort is therefore essential to reach the summit. “Pole pole”, which means slowly in Swahili, will be the watchword for this trek. You will progress at a slow and steady pace, with rest breaks, to increase your chances of success. The choice of route will also be decisive.
The importance of the accompanying guide
The experienced professional guides who accompany you on the Kilimanjaro ascent know the trails, weather conditions and symptoms of altitude sickness perfectly. They will be a valuable source of physical and mental support throughout the ascent. Their mission? To guide you safely and give you the best advice so that you can reach the summit.
Essential equipment for climbing Kilimanjaro
Trekking equipment is one of the essential elements for the success of your high-altitude experience. Here is the list of gear and clothing that must absolutely be in your travel bag before tackling Kilimanjaro.
The equipment to bring for the ascent
- 1 backpack (60-litre size) containing all your belongings securely in plastic dry bags
- 1 backpack (25-30-litre size) for day items
- 1 high-quality sleeping bag – comfort rated to – 15°C, sarcophagus type
- 1 sleeping bag liner is strongly recommended
- 1 self-inflating sleeping mat for extra comfort (we provide a 5 cm foam mattress except on the Marangu route, where you sleep in a hut)
- 1 survival blanket
- Telescopic walking poles (also recommended)
- 1 very good pair of glasses (don’t forget that you are at altitude under the equator)
- 1 water bottle
- 1 LED head torch (with spare battery)
- Several batteries for your camera, as you will not be able to charge your devices during your trek
Clothing to bring
- 1 pair of mountain boots that support the ankles well for walking and 1 pair of trainers for the evening
- 1 pair of warm wool socks
- 2 warm layers of underwear (leggings, thermal top… it can be very cold. Avoid cotton)
- 1 fleece jacket or warm wool layer
- 1 waterproof Gore-Tex or microporous outer shell
- 1 rain cape
- 1 warm hat and 1 good pair of gloves (for the last few days)
- 1 cap or equivalent to protect you from the sun
- Enough T-shirts for the duration of the trek (synthetic or wool)
- 1 canvas trekking trousers
- 1 warm waterproof pair of trousers for the final ascent
Equipment provided by our local agency
Dining tents, expedition camping tents, first aid equipment, our Off Road Tanzania trips take you to the summit of Kilimanjaro with suitable expedition equipment.
- 1 tripod chair per person
- Table for meals
- Mountain tent (3-man tent for 2 clients)
- 1 dining tent and 1 kitchen tent sized to the group. Our dining tents are equipped with tables, chairs and catering equipment, allowing proper meals at altitude, sheltered from wind and cold throughout your trek.
- 1 foam mattress 5 cm thick per person
- 1 toilet tent
- 1 hyperbaric chamber per group
- A means of communication for safety between the mountain and the base in Arusha
- Plates, dishes and cutlery for meals
- 1 first aid kit for the team
- 1 carrying bag that will be given to clients for their belongings (9 kg per person)
Fauna and flora during the Kilimanjaro ascent
Tanzania is renowned for the richness of its biodiversity and the beauty of its natural spaces. Climbing Kilimanjaro gives you the chance to discover exceptional fauna and flora, different from the iconic landscapes of the Tanzanian savannah. This majestic mountain, Africa’s highest point, is home to a variety of animals, plants and birds that thrive in completely different climatic zones depending on altitude. Each ecosystem you will pass through during your Kilimanjaro ascent will reveal its own unique wildlife.
At the foot of the mountain, in Kilimanjaro National Park, the emblematic landscapes of the Tanzanian bush coexist: elephants, buffaloes, antelopes, etc. The scenery changes dramatically as soon as the ascent begins, with dry savannah giving way to lush tropical forest. As for flora, you may observe impressive giant ferns. As for fauna, you may be lucky enough to spot blue monkeys, baboons, leopards or mongooses.
At more than 3,000 metres above sea level, the mountain tropical forest thins out. You then discover the surprising landscapes of the heathlands. The ecosystem in this alpine zone is a little more austere, but just as fascinating. Only the giant lobelia and giant groundsel, plants similar to cacti, have adapted to the extreme conditions of this environment.
Situated at 400 metres above sea level, the ground is dry, the vegetation is arid and rainfall is scarce. Perfect conditions for creating a true stone desert with lunar landscapes. Wildlife is almost non-existent in this hostile territory.
When you reach the summit, you will discover an arctic climate and the eternal snows of the Kilimanjaro glaciers. Here, life is rare because of the freezing nights and the power of the sun’s rays during the day.
Observing animals and plants during the Kilimanjaro ascent is an integral part of the experience. Admire Tanzania’s exceptional biodiversity while taking care not to disturb the wild animals and making sure you leave no trace of your passage.
Acclimatisation to altitude during the Kilimanjaro ascent
Acclimatisation to altitude is a major issue on a trek on Kilimanjaro. As you progress towards the roof of Africa, the altitude only increases, which can have various effects on your body. Understanding altitude sickness, the associated symptoms and the best practices for acclimatising effectively is therefore essential for the ascent of Kilimanjaro.
What is altitude sickness?
Altitude sickness, also called mountain sickness, is a bodily reaction caused by the reduction in atmospheric pressure and the amount of oxygen available in the air at high altitudes. Not all travellers are equally affected by altitude sickness. For some, the effects will be felt from 2,000 metres above sea level, while others will only notice them after passing the 4,000-metre mark.
What are the symptoms of altitude sickness?
As with sensitivity to altitude, the symptoms of altitude sickness vary from person to person. It usually appears as headaches, nausea, dizziness, sleep disturbances, and excessive fatigue. The appearance of these mild signs should be interpreted as a warning signal, as continuing the ascent could lead to serious complications.
How do you acclimatise to the ascent of Kilimanjaro?
Prevention is the key to reducing the risk of altitude sickness. Acclimatisation rests on 3 crucial elements: good hydration, enough rest between each stage, and a gradual ascent pace.
- Adopting a slow, steady walking pace will allow your body to adapt gradually to changes in altitude.
- Breaks and rest periods are essential for your body to recover properly and adjust to the altitude. Sleep also promotes recovery.
- Hydration is another important part of acclimatisation. Drink water regularly to avoid dehydration.
The role of guides and porters during the ascent of Kilimanjaro
The guides and porters who accompany you throughout your ascent of Kilimanjaro play a crucial role in ensuring your Tanzania adventure runs smoothly. During your journey, you will be supported by a team of professionals for whom the mountain holds no secrets. A lead guide, an assistant guide, a cook and 2 to 3 porters per person will be by your side for this multi-day expedition to the highest peak in Africa. Beyond guiding you along the hiking trails and carrying the essential trekking gear, the expedition team does everything possible to help you successfully complete your Kilimanjaro ascent. They will accompany you throughout this adventure in joy and good spirits, while ensuring your safety and well-being. Their valuable experience will help you meet the challenges of altitude and adapt to the mountain’s changing conditions. Sharing knowledge about biodiversity, traditional songs and timeless moments around a comforting meal will punctuate your ascent of Kilimanjaro. This physical adventure is also a human one in which the guides and porters have an essential role. These mountain experts, working behind the scenes, spare no effort to enable you to achieve your dream of reaching the summit of Kilimanjaro. Offering a tip to the guides and porters accompanying you on this expedition is an easy way to thank them and show your gratitude.
The stages of a typical day on the ascent of Kilimanjaro
Climbing the highest peak in Africa, at an altitude of 5,885 metres, is a real challenge. The days on this trek will therefore be organised in the best possible way to give you every chance of reaching your goal. 4 to 7 hours of walking on average per day, at your own pace, will be essential to reach your new camp and gradually make your way to the summit. The rest of the time will be devoted to rest, meals and recovery.
The stages of a typical day on the ascent of Kilimanjaro:
- 6.30 am: wake-up
Days start early on Kilimanjaro. This early wake-up call will be the opportunity to enjoy a good breakfast and freshen up before setting off for the day’s new stage.
- 6.30 am: wake-up
- 8 am: departure and walk
Daily walking time varies between 4 and 7 hours depending on the stages. The ascent of Kilimanjaro is done at a slow pace to help the body acclimatise to the altitude. A pace that is not always easy to adopt, but you will thank your guide at the finish. Pole pole ! Listen to your body; if you are tired, take a break!
- 8 am: departure and walk
- 12-2 pm: arrival at camp, meal and rest
Each day, you will discover your new camp in the early afternoon, between 12 pm and 2 pm. The rest of the day will be devoted to rest and recovery. Tea and snacks will be available to you.
- 6 pm: dinner
Dinner is an opportunity to share a pleasant moment with the group over a comforting meal. The chef who will accompany you during this trek will prepare rich and varied dishes that will help you recharge your batteries for the expedition the next day.
- 8 pm: night
A gruelling day ends with a good night’s sleep, essential for recovery and acclimatisation.
The final day of the ascent of Kilimanjaro will be a little different from the others. Wake-up will be at midnight, in often bitterly cold conditions. Equipped with your head torches, you will then set off on a 6-hour trek to admire the first light of day on the Roof of Africa. After enjoying this exceptional spectacle, you will head back down.
Expert French-speaking guides for the ascent of Kilimanjaro
An expert at your side for trekking in Tanzania. Each guide has undergone extensive mountain guide training with physical, technical and cultural tests over several years. They have received mountain rescue training as well as training in the use of hyperbaric chambers. They have acquired knowledge of the mountain environment (fauna and flora) and know how to lead both a small trek and a major ascent successfully.
Reasons to choose Off Road Tanzania for your Kilimanjaro climb
Specialising in creating tailor-made trips and experiences in Tanzania, our local agency supports you in preparing for and successfully completing your Kilimanjaro climb. Our field expertise and knowledge enable us to offer you a unique, off-the-beaten-track itinerary that will meet all your needs. We will do everything we can to offer you a memorable adventure and enable you to reach this iconic summit in the best possible conditions. Benefit from personalised support and expert destination advice for a safe Kilimanjaro climb!
Safety first
Climbing Kilimanjaro is an exceptional adventure that requires rigorous supervision. Aware of the challenges posed by this ascent, Off Road Tanzania places its travellers’ safety at the heart of its approach. All hiking guides are trained by Ifremmont (Institute for Training and Research in Mountain Medicine), a leading organisation in high-altitude risk management. They therefore have a perfect command of rescue protocols, procedures in the event of acute mountain sickness, and the use of emergency medical equipment. In addition, a 24/7 medical hotline provided by an emergency doctor is available if needed, in direct contact with the guides in the field. This dual expertise – both technical and medical – guarantees a safe environment throughout the ascent, ensuring rapid and effective care at the slightest alert. With Off Road Tanzania, set off with peace of mind towards the summit of the Roof of Africa.
Why trust Off Road Tanzania for your Kilimanjaro climb?
- 13 years of experience
- A passionate team specialising in the destination
- A trek accompanied by experienced English-speaking guides
- A high success rate for the ascent
- Eco-responsible values
Would you like to experience this extraordinary adventure? Tell us about your project and we will build the tour that suits you 100%! Want to continue the experience with a tour in Tanzania or a relaxing stay on the beaches of Zanzibar? We can help you create the Tanzania trip of your dreams.
